搜尋此網誌
2012年4月30日 星期一
具火警探測能力之監視器
2012年1月10日 星期二
防火門 無線控制裝置
2012年1月2日 星期一
智慧建築有關防火安全系統之發展介紹
新一代智慧建築技術在提升建築防火安全上具有無窮潛力。多功能感測器(例如氣體偵測器,感測器系統和視覺模擬電腦系統)和無線感測器,不僅減少在感測器建置的成本,同時也減少誤報率,加快反應時間並降低火災相關的損失。透過網路的實時(Real time)控制技術,使設備系統和消防安全的監督,可延伸至建築物外面,這將提高效率和降低建築物管理操作成本,更有效區分「火災」和「非火災」的威脅,增加財產和生命保護。透過偵測和報警等防火系統與其他建築系統的整合,更能有效提升建築物的防火安全。
今日,建築物的火災探測及報警系統已經某種程度地與其他設備系統整合,一旦建築物發生火災,探測設備和報警系統將同時連動各種防火安全系統,像煙控系統、各種增壓和排煙系統等。這些消防設備同時也常被設定連動電梯的呼返裝置、常開式防火門釋放裝置、出口標誌燈或啟動撒水設備系統;即使部分建築設備系統已具有類似的整合功能,例如消防安全和保全系統,或HVAC和照明系統等,然而侷限於不同的建築系統整合技術,資通訊系統之分享仍然不普遍;因此,常見的是,在同一個建築物布線系統的主幹,都由同一製造廠商所提供,各種建築設備系統的建置,涉及暖氣、通風、空調、照明、消防安全及建築物安全監測等,並無法整合在一個共同的通信協議,並在該基礎上合作。這主要是由於分工繁雜的建築業和通訊業間,不願改變既定做法,也缺乏標準化的、廣泛的通信協議,以允許不同的服務系統,互相溝通。
文章來源:http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/obj/irc/doc/pubs/nrcc44226/nrcc44226.pdf
2009年7月10日 星期五
2009年7月9日 星期四
eICS介紹
資料來源:http://fire.me.berkeley.edu/eICS.html
2009年7月7日 星期二
消防救災即時資訊系統--Fire eye
資料來源:Discovery
如果進入火場搶救的消防人員,能夠配備一套導航系統,隨時告知你所在的樓層、位置,起火點,受困人員位置,建築物的平面圖,對於救災任務來講,將是一大福音,柏克萊大學fire department開發出一套可以在火災現場中導航的設備,根據消防隊員實際試驗結果,雖然尚有許多部分需要改進,如,聲音的效果,畫面的zoom in &out,是否能夠增加告知溫度的探測等,然而,值得進一步期待它的功效。
Joel Wilson's research focus is to design and test head-mounted displays (HMDs) for firefighters. He has created two HMD prototypes, called FireEyes, which are mounted inside a firefighter's facemask in order to relay performance and safety enhancing information in a hands free format. One FireEye is a see-through type in which the real environment can be seen behind the image, while the other is an occluded design. The designs are based on data from user needs studies with the Chicago and Berkeley FireDepartments. Therefore, the design goals include being rugged, inexpensive relative to most HMDs, minimally distracting, and easy to operate. The FireEye shows an interactive floor plan map with current locations of the user, their Buddy (following the National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) “Buddy System”), other company members, areas where smoke alarms have activated, and remaining air supply. The GUI is kept simple to prevent the FireEye from becoming an attention cost. The FireEye will also act via SmokeNet as a communication means for frequent yes/no checkups with the IC, and automatically alert the user of emergencies like “low air” and “evacuate” using tactile and visual communication. This will mitigate information overload from walkie-talkies and liberate overtaxed bandwidth. Continuously updated information comes from SmokeNet’s RF enabled location, temperature, and smoke sensors. This information will be evaluated by a computer on the firefighter, updating the GUI with a new map view and any messages. These features are intended to give firefighters more information for decision-making, improved situational awareness, and a higher degree of safety.
Future research will include improving the firefighter's and Incident Commander's GUI, downsizing the FireEye's wearable computer, implementing button activated or voice control of the GUI, and conducting user experiments to determine whether the FireEye and the overall FIRE system is helpful to firefighters. The experiments will focus on how the FireEye affects navigation in challenging unknown environments, such as in a large building with dark, smoke-filled hallways, and firefighting tasks such as locating a man down.
2009年7月3日 星期五
提供即時遠端建築資訊以確保公共安全 Real-time Remote Building Information for Public Safety
本文摘自:http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/ibr/
智慧型建築消防回饋系統
概述
智慧型建築消防回饋系統(iBR)是美國NIST建築消防研究實驗室近年來開發中的項目,主要想藉由通訊網路科技,將建築物內部感測的訊息傳送到外部的消防、警察及其他涉及緊急救援的單位與人員,同時透過這計劃以了解建築設施在支援緊急狀況的能力。智慧建築能有效提供火警、保全以及建築控管系統與資訊,分享予建築物外需要下達命令的單位。
今日的建築功能日漸複雜,多功能的控制系統往往被設定以控制多元的建築設備、系統,而網路通訊肩負著訊息聯絡的重任,由控制端到設備端甚至開關的啟動,其中藉由大量的感測器(sensors)將訊息回饋至控制端,然而這些資訊往往被封鎖在建築物內部,即使這些大量的訊息能夠提供外部作為指揮的參考,例如:火在哪裡發生?哪裡有煙?避難者分布在哪裡?哪些設備仍在運作?哪裡的燈開著?哪扇門是開著的?這些訊息以往皆須由救援的人逐一摸索,在他們執行任務的同時,還要了解建築物內部發生什麼事?而即時訊息則能提供救援人員第一手資料,在他們奔赴救災現場的同時,任務調度者能夠在事件發生的同時,掌握建築物內部的即時訊息,甚至在消防車尚未出發前。
圖片來源:BFRL
Overview
The “intelligent Building Response” (iBR) project at NIST BFRL is about getting building sensor information out of a building and presenting it in real-time in useful ways to fire, police and others as they respond to a building emergency. We are also looking at how the building infrastructure can support first responder communications. The intelligent building aids building incident response by sharing status of fire, security and control systems in the building, as well as by connecting responders to outside command.
Today’s modern buildings function with multiple control systems programmed to run different building systems. Network communications carry commands from controllers to actuators and switches, and a host of sensors feed data back to controllers. Yet, for the most part, all this information is bottled up in the building even while it could provide tremendous situational awareness to those outside the building, telling them where a fire is, where smoke is, where occupants are, which devices are operating, which lights are on, or which doors are open. Why should first responders need to do a size up at the scene in order to find out what is happening inside? Real time information regarding building systems should be available while they are enroute to the scene. Why can’t a dispatcher see into the building from the start of an incident, even before vehicles are dispatched?
In simple terms, the best response is not only fast, it’s informed. In the future, emergency responders could receive a wealth of information while they’re en route and during the incident. Lacking now is a standard method of moving real-time building data out of the building into the hands of emergency responders. And iBR is focused on developing standards to move the data out.