當無情得烈火吞噬我們的同胞時
當一篇篇、一幕幕父母錐心泣血的畫面
哭訴無門的景象
一而再的在螢幕放送
我們只能默生嘆息嗎？
我一直在思考
智慧化能為我們做什麼？
哪怕
多爭取一點點的時間
一絲絲的希望
2009年7月10日 星期五
2009年7月9日 星期四
eICS介紹
eICS是一個電子化的NFPA事件指揮系統(Incident Command System)，旨在幫助現場指揮官整合現場和評估情況，藉以提高事件處理效率，並能了解更多信息，和較高的確定性。將事故現場透過現場指揮官的隨身電腦，變成軟體操作介面，執行團隊建立了一個Flash的GUI原型，顯示所需的重要信息提供現場指揮參考，如資源分配，人員在建築平面圖中的位置，甚至消防隊員的生命數據，包括：空氣供應量及心跳是否加速等。Java圖形界面顯示人員的位置，並允許現場指揮和消防隊員之間的溝通，比如現場指揮官只要按一下這個房間，即可告訴工作人員到該房間，而這些數據將透過SmokeNet 傳送。它也會提醒現場指揮官當PASS系統感測不到人員的移動，或任何生命現象時。該系統將達到有效的信息管理，透過簡單的YES/NO檢查，並選擇命令如“撤離” ，使之成為一項具有挑戰複雜環境的重要工具。
資料來源：http://fire.me.berkeley.edu/eICS.html
資料來源：http://fire.me.berkeley.edu/eICS.html
2009年7月7日 星期二
消防救災即時資訊系統--Fire eye
資料來源：Discovery
如果進入火場搶救的消防人員，能夠配備一套導航系統，隨時告知你所在的樓層、位置，起火點，受困人員位置，建築物的平面圖，對於救災任務來講，將是一大福音，柏克萊大學fire department開發出一套可以在火災現場中導航的設備，根據消防隊員實際試驗結果，雖然尚有許多部分需要改進，如，聲音的效果，畫面的zoom in &out，是否能夠增加告知溫度的探測等，然而，值得進一步期待它的功效。
Joel Wilson's research focus is to design and test head-mounted displays (HMDs) for firefighters. He has created two HMD prototypes, called FireEyes, which are mounted inside a firefighter's facemask in order to relay performance and safety enhancing information in a hands free format. One FireEye is a see-through type in which the real environment can be seen behind the image, while the other is an occluded design. The designs are based on data from user needs studies with the Chicago and Berkeley FireDepartments. Therefore, the design goals include being rugged, inexpensive relative to most HMDs, minimally distracting, and easy to operate. The FireEye shows an interactive floor plan map with current locations of the user, their Buddy (following the National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) “Buddy System”), other company members, areas where smoke alarms have activated, and remaining air supply. The GUI is kept simple to prevent the FireEye from becoming an attention cost. The FireEye will also act via SmokeNet as a communication means for frequent yes/no checkups with the IC, and automatically alert the user of emergencies like “low air” and “evacuate” using tactile and visual communication. This will mitigate information overload from walkie-talkies and liberate overtaxed bandwidth. Continuously updated information comes from SmokeNet’s RF enabled location, temperature, and smoke sensors. This information will be evaluated by a computer on the firefighter, updating the GUI with a new map view and any messages. These features are intended to give firefighters more information for decision-making, improved situational awareness, and a higher degree of safety.
Future research will include improving the firefighter's and Incident Commander's GUI, downsizing the FireEye's wearable computer, implementing button activated or voice control of the GUI, and conducting user experiments to determine whether the FireEye and the overall FIRE system is helpful to firefighters. The experiments will focus on how the FireEye affects navigation in challenging unknown environments, such as in a large building with dark, smoke-filled hallways, and firefighting tasks such as locating a man down.
2009年7月3日 星期五
提供即時遠端建築資訊以確保公共安全 Real-time Remote Building Information for Public Safety
iBR - intelligent Building Response
本文摘自：http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/ibr/
智慧型建築消防回饋系統
概述
智慧型建築消防回饋系統(iBR)是美國NIST建築消防研究實驗室近年來開發中的項目，主要想藉由通訊網路科技，將建築物內部感測的訊息傳送到外部的消防、警察及其他涉及緊急救援的單位與人員，同時透過這計劃以了解建築設施在支援緊急狀況的能力。智慧建築能有效提供火警、保全以及建築控管系統與資訊，分享予建築物外需要下達命令的單位。
今日的建築功能日漸複雜，多功能的控制系統往往被設定以控制多元的建築設備、系統，而網路通訊肩負著訊息聯絡的重任，由控制端到設備端甚至開關的啟動，其中藉由大量的感測器(sensors)將訊息回饋至控制端，然而這些資訊往往被封鎖在建築物內部，即使這些大量的訊息能夠提供外部作為指揮的參考，例如：火在哪裡發生？哪裡有煙？避難者分布在哪裡？哪些設備仍在運作？哪裡的燈開著？哪扇門是開著的？這些訊息以往皆須由救援的人逐一摸索，在他們執行任務的同時，還要了解建築物內部發生什麼事？而即時訊息則能提供救援人員第一手資料，在他們奔赴救災現場的同時，任務調度者能夠在事件發生的同時，掌握建築物內部的即時訊息，甚至在消防車尚未出發前。
Overview
The “intelligent Building Response” (iBR) project at NIST BFRL is about getting building sensor information out of a building and presenting it in real-time in useful ways to fire, police and others as they respond to a building emergency. We are also looking at how the building infrastructure can support first responder communications. The intelligent building aids building incident response by sharing status of fire, security and control systems in the building, as well as by connecting responders to outside command.
Today’s modern buildings function with multiple control systems programmed to run different building systems. Network communications carry commands from controllers to actuators and switches, and a host of sensors feed data back to controllers. Yet, for the most part, all this information is bottled up in the building even while it could provide tremendous situational awareness to those outside the building, telling them where a fire is, where smoke is, where occupants are, which devices are operating, which lights are on, or which doors are open. Why should first responders need to do a size up at the scene in order to find out what is happening inside? Real time information regarding building systems should be available while they are enroute to the scene. Why can’t a dispatcher see into the building from the start of an incident, even before vehicles are dispatched?
In simple terms, the best response is not only fast, it’s informed. In the future, emergency responders could receive a wealth of information while they’re en route and during the incident. Lacking now is a standard method of moving real-time building data out of the building into the hands of emergency responders. And iBR is focused on developing standards to move the data out.
本文摘自：http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/ibr/
智慧型建築消防回饋系統
概述
智慧型建築消防回饋系統(iBR)是美國NIST建築消防研究實驗室近年來開發中的項目，主要想藉由通訊網路科技，將建築物內部感測的訊息傳送到外部的消防、警察及其他涉及緊急救援的單位與人員，同時透過這計劃以了解建築設施在支援緊急狀況的能力。智慧建築能有效提供火警、保全以及建築控管系統與資訊，分享予建築物外需要下達命令的單位。
今日的建築功能日漸複雜，多功能的控制系統往往被設定以控制多元的建築設備、系統，而網路通訊肩負著訊息聯絡的重任，由控制端到設備端甚至開關的啟動，其中藉由大量的感測器(sensors)將訊息回饋至控制端，然而這些資訊往往被封鎖在建築物內部，即使這些大量的訊息能夠提供外部作為指揮的參考，例如：火在哪裡發生？哪裡有煙？避難者分布在哪裡？哪些設備仍在運作？哪裡的燈開著？哪扇門是開著的？這些訊息以往皆須由救援的人逐一摸索，在他們執行任務的同時，還要了解建築物內部發生什麼事？而即時訊息則能提供救援人員第一手資料，在他們奔赴救災現場的同時，任務調度者能夠在事件發生的同時，掌握建築物內部的即時訊息，甚至在消防車尚未出發前。
圖片來源：BFRL
Overview
The “intelligent Building Response” (iBR) project at NIST BFRL is about getting building sensor information out of a building and presenting it in real-time in useful ways to fire, police and others as they respond to a building emergency. We are also looking at how the building infrastructure can support first responder communications. The intelligent building aids building incident response by sharing status of fire, security and control systems in the building, as well as by connecting responders to outside command.
Today’s modern buildings function with multiple control systems programmed to run different building systems. Network communications carry commands from controllers to actuators and switches, and a host of sensors feed data back to controllers. Yet, for the most part, all this information is bottled up in the building even while it could provide tremendous situational awareness to those outside the building, telling them where a fire is, where smoke is, where occupants are, which devices are operating, which lights are on, or which doors are open. Why should first responders need to do a size up at the scene in order to find out what is happening inside? Real time information regarding building systems should be available while they are enroute to the scene. Why can’t a dispatcher see into the building from the start of an incident, even before vehicles are dispatched?
In simple terms, the best response is not only fast, it’s informed. In the future, emergency responders could receive a wealth of information while they’re en route and during the incident. Lacking now is a standard method of moving real-time building data out of the building into the hands of emergency responders. And iBR is focused on developing standards to move the data out.
2009年7月2日 星期四
智慧建築之火警偵測系統發展
文章來源：http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/pubs/fulltext/nrcc44226/nrcc44226.pdf
作者：Z. Liu, J. Makar and A. K. Kim
Institute for Research in Construction National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada, Email: zhigang.liu@nrc.ca
摘要
就智慧型建築而言，火警偵測設備及其相關安全系統往往是相當關鍵且為臨界技術的部份，本文針對智慧型建築有關偵測設備與警報設備之近期發展作一回顧，新開發之技術與設計概念應用於智慧建築，諸如先進多功能感測器、電腦視窗系統、無線感測器、網路即時控制系統、以及整合建築設備系統將於本文中進一步探討，這些新的技術與設計概念將大大提升火災偵測能力，有效辨識火警與非火警的威脅，同時增加人命與財產的保障。然而，為能有效除去相關障礙，需要更多的努力去開發更多的新技術與概念。
Fire detection and its corresponding safety systems are crucial parts of an intelligent building. This paper reviews the current state of development of fire detection and alarm systems in the intelligent building. New technologies and concepts developed in intelligent buildings, such as advanced multi-function sensors, computer vision systems and wireless sensors, real-time control via the Internet, and integrated building service systems, have also been reviewed and discussed. These new technologies and concepts will improve the capability of fire detection systems to discriminate between fire and non-fire threats and will increase the time available for property and life protection. However, much effort is still needed to remove barriers to the further development of these new technologies.
作者：Z. Liu, J. Makar and A. K. Kim
Institute for Research in Construction National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada, Email: zhigang.liu@nrc.ca
摘要
就智慧型建築而言，火警偵測設備及其相關安全系統往往是相當關鍵且為臨界技術的部份，本文針對智慧型建築有關偵測設備與警報設備之近期發展作一回顧，新開發之技術與設計概念應用於智慧建築，諸如先進多功能感測器、電腦視窗系統、無線感測器、網路即時控制系統、以及整合建築設備系統將於本文中進一步探討，這些新的技術與設計概念將大大提升火災偵測能力，有效辨識火警與非火警的威脅，同時增加人命與財產的保障。然而，為能有效除去相關障礙，需要更多的努力去開發更多的新技術與概念。
Fire detection and its corresponding safety systems are crucial parts of an intelligent building. This paper reviews the current state of development of fire detection and alarm systems in the intelligent building. New technologies and concepts developed in intelligent buildings, such as advanced multi-function sensors, computer vision systems and wireless sensors, real-time control via the Internet, and integrated building service systems, have also been reviewed and discussed. These new technologies and concepts will improve the capability of fire detection systems to discriminate between fire and non-fire threats and will increase the time available for property and life protection. However, much effort is still needed to remove barriers to the further development of these new technologies.
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